FIGURE 26: TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN
COLUMN SHOE BOLDA® 39 AFTER 120 MIN 13
The mean value of the mean differences is then
calculated from the differences at the TE14 and
TE15 positions. The mean difference between
the test results and the results of the FE
calculation determined in this way enable the
calculation of the temperature in the anchor bolt
at the level of the base plate below the upper
nut. Therefore, the temperature of the bolt from
the FEM simulation is reduced by the mean
difference. For the BOLDA® 36 and 45 column
shoes, this is done using the mean value of the
neighboring column shoe sizes. The resulting
temperatures are given in Table 7 and visualized
in Figure 27. Table 7 and Figure 27 show that
with increasing size of the column shoes in
general the resulting temperature in the bolt
decreases. For the three intermediate sizes this
effect is less pronounced.
Time BOLDA® 30 BOLDA® 36 BOLDA® 39 BOLDA® 45 BOLDA® 52
min °C °C °C °C °C
30 206 171 182 178 147
60 387 336 349 340 293
90 530 475 488 470 412
120 641 588 594 571 508
TABLE 7: RESULTING TEMPERATURES FOR FIRE DESIGN OF BOLDA® COLUMN SHOE CONNECTIONS
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
BOLDA® 30
BOLDA® 36
BOLDA® 39
BOLDA® 45
BOLDA® 52
Temperature °C
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Duration min
FIGURE 27: TIME-TEMPERATURE CURVES AT THE ANCHOR BOLT OF BOLDA® COLUMN SHOE
CONNECTIONS 14
SUMMARY OF THE TEST RESULTS
The evaluations of the test results in the
sections above clearly indicate that the design
methods for column shoe connections given in
the EAD are valid for BOLDA® column shoes.
Furthermore, it was shown that the load
bearing behavior, as well as the deformations
of a precast column containing BOLDA® column
shoes do not differ from the behavior of castin
situ columns of the same dimensions and
reinforcement layout.
BOLDA® column shoes and column connections
fulfil all requirements according to EAD
regarding mechanical, fire, and corrosion
resistance. Design of column connections with
BOLDA® column shoe connections is included
in Peikko Designer® to facilitate daily tasks of
structural engineers.
A: Thermal-transient analysis
BOLDA 39_120 min
Type: Temperature
Unit: °C
Time: 7200
A: Thermal-transient analysis
Anchor bolt in base plate 120 min
Type: Temperature
Unit: °C
Time: 7200
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